Learning as an adult: Navigating higher education successfully

Does higher education feel like a foreign world to you?

You’re not alone. Many adult learners feel uncertain when they first return to school.

You’ve likely got expectations—about how classes will go, what you’ll learn, and how you’ll manage your time.

But remember, higher education has its own expectations of you. It’s not just about following a course schedule; you’ll also need to adapt to a new culture, complete with its own language, processes, and structures.

In this guide, we’ll break down the essential elements of higher education, offer strategies for thriving as an adult learner, and provide practical tips to manage your learning journey.

We’ll also help you understand how to use the resources available to you in this unique environment.

Table of Contents

Reasons why adults return to study

Career advancement: Many adults return to school to gain new skills or credentials that help them qualify for promotions or higher-paying roles within their current field.
Career change: Others decide to pursue a completely new career path, requiring new qualifications or degrees.
Personal fulfillment: Some return to education to achieve personal goals, such as completing a degree they started earlier in life, or studying a subject they’re passionate about.
Staying competitive: In rapidly changing industries, returning to school can help adults stay up-to-date with new technologies, trends, and methodologies.
Economic necessity: Shifts in the economy or job market can push adults to retrain or upskill in order to remain employable.

1. Understanding the culture of higher education

Higher education is not a one-size-fits-all experience. Each institution, whether it’s a community college or a graduate school, has its own rules and norms.

A few key concepts to get familiar with:

Disciplines: These are specific areas of study (e.g., biology, history, economics) grouped into departments.
Scholarship and research: Higher education is about contributing new knowledge through research and study.
Tenure and faculty: Tenure refers to a permanent position, usually for professors who have proven their expertise.
Collegiality: This refers to the collaborative relationships between students and faculty.

Significant groups in higher education

You’ll interact with several key groups during your academic journey, and each plays an important role:

Faculty: Professors, lecturers, and instructors responsible for teaching and guiding you.
Students: Your peers who may range in age and life experience, creating a rich learning community.
Administrators and staff: Deans, advisors, and administrative personnel who keep the institution running smoothly.
Trustees and alumni: Decision-makers and former students who support the school’s future and traditions.

2. Strengths of adult learners

As an adult learner, you bring unique advantages to your education, which can set you apart from traditional students.

What you already have going for you

Self-direction: You’re likely to take initiative in your studies without needing constant guidance.
Life experience: Your past experiences can offer valuable insights and perspectives in classroom discussions.
Goal-oriented learning: You’re more likely to focus on learning practical skills that can directly impact your personal and professional life.
Internal motivation: You’re learning because you want to, not because someone else is telling you to.

How these traits can work in your favor:

Traditional Learner	Adult Learner
Often follows a set academic path	Chooses education that fits life and work goals
May lack real-world experience	Can draw on years of personal or career experience
Motivation often tied to external rewards	Internally driven by personal growth or career change

3. How to manage your learning journey

Taking control of your education can make a significant difference. Instead of simply following the curriculum, become an active participant in your learning.

Set clear goals: Define specific academic and career objectives. Write down both short-term and long-term goals to guide your journey:

Short-term: “Complete a data analysis course this semester.”
Long-term: “Earn a degree in nursing within three years.” Revisit these goals regularly to stay on track.

Choose relevant courses: Select courses that align with your professional or personal goals.

For example, if you’re in healthcare, opt for courses on public health or medical technology. Prioritizing relevance helps you see immediate value in your studies.

Break goals into milestones: Divide larger goals into smaller steps.

For example, earning a degree might involve milestones like completing core courses or submitting a research project. This makes big goals feel more manageable.

Evaluate your progress: Monitor your progress regularly. Check your grades and feedback, and adjust your approach if needed. Seek advice from professors if you’re struggling, and be open to changing your goals if necessary.

Plan your time effectively: Create a realistic schedule that balances study, work, and personal life. Prioritize tasks by importance and make room for study time each week.

4. Discard preconceived notions

Many adult learners return to education with outdated ideas about what college is like. They may picture rigid, lecture-based learning or worry about not fitting in. In reality, higher education has evolved to be more flexible, diverse, and practical.

Key shifts in college environments today:

a) Open your mind to new learning methods

Gone are the days when education was solely about listening to long lectures. Modern colleges emphasize active, student-centered learning through:

Collaborative learning: Group work, discussions, and peer-led projects encourage participation and engagement.
Real-world applications: Many courses focus on practical skills through case studies, internships, and hands-on projects.
Technology integration: Online learning platforms, interactive tools, and multimedia resources enhance how information is delivered and retained.

Example: A business course might include simulations of real-world scenarios or group projects where students solve actual industry problems. This encourages applying knowledge rather than just memorizing facts.

b) Embrace diversity in the classroom

Today’s college classrooms are more diverse than ever before, including students of all ages, life experiences, and cultural backgrounds. This diversity enriches the learning experience in several ways:

Different perspectives: You’ll encounter peers with varied viewpoints, which can deepen your understanding of course material and offer fresh insights.
Networking opportunities: Engaging with people from diverse backgrounds builds a strong support network and opens up new career and learning opportunities.
Group learning: Use this diversity to your advantage during group projects, discussions, and study sessions. The range of experiences contributes to richer problem-solving and more creative collaboration.

Example: In a multicultural studies class, older students might bring perspectives from past political movements, while younger students contribute ideas influenced by more recent social changes. These blended viewpoints foster deeper discussions and learning.

By discarding outdated assumptions and embracing the modern, dynamic college environment, you’ll better integrate into academic life, making your experience more relevant and fulfilling. The key is to remain open to new ways of learning and interacting with others.

5. Choosing the right courses

Not every course is designed with adult learners in mind, so it’s essential to select ones that best suit your needs. Look for:

Outcome-focused classes: Choose courses with clear, measurable outcomes that align with your professional and personal goals.
Practical learning methods: Seek out classes that incorporate hands-on learning, real-world problem-solving, or project-based work.
Flexibility in assignments: Some programs offer optional projects that can be customized to your job or interests.

Here’s an example table comparing traditional versus adult-focused course features:

Feature	Traditional Course	Adult-Focused Course
Learning Format	Lecture-based, theoretical	Project-based, practical
Assessment	Exams, quizzes	Presentations, projects
Flexibility	Rigid deadlines	Flexible, negotiation possible
Learning Goals	Subject-oriented	Problem or task-centered

6. Develop strong relationships with instructors

Building good relationships with your professors can open doors for personalized learning opportunities.

Here’s how you can do it

Communicate early: Let your instructor know if you have unique needs or goals.
Seek feedback: Regularly ask for input on your progress, especially on assignments that are more relevant to your career or life goals.
Suggest alternatives: If a project doesn’t align with your needs, suggest a more suitable alternative that meets the course objectives.

7. Understanding your learning style

Knowing how you learn best can help you tailor your study methods.

Four common learning styles:

Learning Style	Description	Effective Study Methods
Visual	Learns best through images, charts, and diagrams.	– Use color-coded notes, mind maps, and flowcharts. – Watch instructional videos or create diagrams.
Auditory	Prefers listening to lectures, discussions, or audio.	– Record lectures and re-listen. – Participate in study groups or discussions. – Read notes aloud.
Reading/Writing	Thrives on written text and notes.	– Read textbooks, write summaries. – Use lists, outlines, and written quizzes to reinforce learning.
Kinesthetic	Learns best by doing and through hands-on activities.	– Engage in hands-on activities (e.g., labs, experiments). – Use movement during study sessions.

Self-assessment tools:

DVC Learning Style Survey: Offers an assessment with clear results on whether you are visual, auditory, or kinesthetic.
Felder-Silverman Index: This tool gives insights into whether you’re more reflective or active in your learning.

8. Make use of available resources

Many adult learners often overlook the wide range of resources available to help them succeed.

The reasons behind

Unawareness: Some students may not know what resources exist or how to access them.
Time constraints: Juggling work, family, and education can leave little time for seeking extra support.
Fear of appearing inadequate: Some may worry that asking for help reflects poorly on their abilities.
Feeling disconnected: Adult learners might feel less integrated into the student community, making them hesitant to seek help.
Perceived self-sufficiency: Many adults are used to handling challenges on their own and may not realize the benefits of using these services.

However, taking advantage of these resources can significantly enhance your academic experience.

Where to find support

Academic counseling centers: Get help with course planning, degree requirements, and aligning your studies with career goals.
Learning centers: Improve study skills, writing techniques, or get help in specific subjects like math or science.
Writing centers: Receive feedback and guidance on essays, research papers, and other writing projects.
Multicultural centers: Access support services tailored for students from diverse backgrounds, fostering inclusion and understanding.
Instructors: Your professors are excellent resources for clarifying course material, discussing career paths, and offering educational advice.

What you should prepare before attending adult learning

Stepping into adult learning can be both exciting and challenging. Preparation is key to ensuring a smooth transition into higher education. Here’s what you should consider before starting your journey:

Set clear goals:

Before enrolling, take time to reflect on why you’re returning to education. Define both short-term and long-term goals:

Short-term: These might include improving specific skills, completing prerequisites, or earning a certificate.
Long-term: Think about your overall career or personal aspirations, such as changing industries or advancing in your current field.

Research programs and courses:

Choose a program or courses that align with your career or personal goals. Consider factors like:

Flexibility: Does the program offer part-time, evening, or online options to fit your schedule?
Relevance: Will the coursework directly support your career or personal development?
Accreditation: Make sure the institution is accredited to ensure the quality and recognition of your degree or certification.

Understand time management:

As an adult learner, balancing school with work, family, and other commitments is crucial. Plan how you’ll manage your time effectively:

Create a study schedule: Block out regular times each week for study, reading, and assignments.
Set priorities: Learn to prioritize tasks to avoid burnout and stay focused on what’s important.

Brush up on basic skills:

If you’ve been out of school for a while, it might help to refresh certain skills:

Study skills: Practice note-taking, reading for comprehension, and time management.
Technology: Many programs use online learning platforms, so familiarize yourself with any necessary tools (e.g., video conferencing, online portals).
Writing: If essays and research papers are part of your program, brushing up on academic writing will help you start strong.

Familiarize yourself with online learning:

Get used to academic life by taking online classes on platforms like Coursera, edX, or Khan Academy. These can help you adjust to virtual learning environments and boost your confidence before starting a formal program.

Financial planning:

Returning to school is an investment, so it’s essential to plan for the financial aspect:

Financial aid: Look into scholarships, grants, and loans available for adult learners.
Employer support: Check if your employer offers tuition reimbursement or professional development funds.
Budgeting: Factor in tuition, books, and other expenses while managing your household finances.

Prepare for a mindset shift:

Adult learning requires a different approach compared to traditional students:

Be open to new experiences: College is not the same as when you last attended. New learning methods and tools may feel unfamiliar, but be willing to adapt.
Growth mindset: Be prepared for challenges, but also view them as opportunities to grow and learn.
Confidence: Believe in your life experience and the value it adds to your education.

By preparing in these key areas, you’ll be better equipped to succeed in your adult learning journey, making it a more rewarding and manageable experience.

Final thoughts

Navigating higher education as an adult may feel like stepping into a foreign land, but with the right approach and mindset, you can not only adapt but thrive.

By leveraging your life experience, taking an active role in your learning, and using available resources, you’ll find yourself better equipped to handle the challenges.

Keep an open mind, communicate with your instructors, and always remember why you’re pursuing this journey—whether for personal growth or career advancement.

Success is within your reach.